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DB2 Express-C 快速入门经典教程
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上传时间: 2010-11-09
详细说明： 目录 关于本书..................................................................................................................................8 声明.....................................................................................................................................8 本书的读者对象....................................................................................................................8 本书的架构...........................................................................................................................8 一本属 于社区的书................................................................................................................9 本书的贡献者.......................................................................................................................9 致谢.....................................................................................................................................9 序 ......................................................................................................................................10 PART I – 概览.........................................................................................................................11 第 1 章 – DB2 Express-C 是什么?..........................................................................................13 1.1 免费开发、部署和分发… 无限制！...............................................................................13 1.2 用户帮助和技术支持.....................................................................................................14 1.3 DB2 服务器..................................................................................................................14 1.4 DB2 客户端和驱动........................................................................................................14 1.5 应用程序开发的自由性.................................................................................................15 1.6 DB2 版本号与DB2 版本分类........................................................................................16 1.7 升级到其它的DB2 版本................................................................................................16 1.8 DB2 Express-C 的维护.................................................................................................16 1.9 相关免费软件................................................................................................................17 1.9.1 IBM 数据工作室（Data Studio） ...........................................................................17 1.9.2 DB2 Net Search Extender.....................................................................................17 1.9.3 Starter Toolkit for DB2 on Rails.............................................................................17 1.9.4 Web 2.0 Starter Toolkit for DB2 ............................................................................17 1.9.5 WebSphere Application Server – Community Edition............................................18 第 2 章 – DB2 相关特性和产品................................................................................................19 2.1 DB2 Express-C 订购中包含的功能...............................................................................22 2.1.1 Fix packs 补丁包...................................................................................................22 2.1.2 高可用性灾难恢复（HADR） ................................................................................22 2.1.3 数据复制（Data Replication）...............................................................................22 2.2 DB2 Express-C 所不具备的功能...................................................................................23 2.2.1 数据库分区............................................................................................................23 2.2.2 连接集中器（Connection Concentrator ）.............................................................23 2.2.3 Geodetic Extender ................................................................................................23 2.2.4 工作负载管理(Workload Management, WLM) .......................................................24 2.3 DB2 相关收费产品........................................................................................................24 2.3.1 DB2 连接（DB2 Connect）...................................................................................24 2.3.2 WebSphere Federation Server..............................................................................24 2.3.3 WebSphere Replication Server .............................................................................25 第 3 章 – 安装DB2..................................................................................................................27 3.1 安装前提条件................................................................................................................27 3.2 操作系统中的安装权限.................................................................................................27 3.3 安装向导.......................................................................................................................27 3.4 自动安装.......................................................................................................................31 实验 #1 安装DB2 Express-C，创建SAMPLE 数据库........................................................32 第 4 章 – DB2 的应用环境.......................................................................................................35 实验 #2 - 创建一个新的数据库............................................................................................434.1 DB2 配置......................................................................................................................44 4.1.1 环境变量................................................................................................................44 4.1.2 数据库管理器配置文件(dbm cfg) ...........................................................................44 4.1.3 数据库配置文件（db cfg） ....................................................................................46 4.1.4 DB2 概要文件注册表.............................................................................................47 4.2 DB2 管理服务器...........................................................................................................48 实验 #3 – 实例、数据库和配置管理....................................................................................49 第 5 章 – DB2 工具..................................................................................................................51 5.1 控制中心（Control Center）.........................................................................................52 5.2 命令编辑器（Command Editor） .................................................................................55 5.3 SQL 帮助向导（SQL Assist Wizard ） .........................................................................57 5.4 显示SQL 按钮..............................................................................................................58 实验 #4 使用脚本填充EXPRESS 数据库...........................................................................59 5.5 脚本..............................................................................................................................60 5.5.1 SQL 脚本...............................................................................................................60 5.5.2 操作系统（shell）脚本..........................................................................................61 实验 #5 为EXPRESS 数据库创建一个安装脚本.................................................................62 5.6 任务中心（Task Center ） ...........................................................................................65 5.6.1 工具目录（Tools Catalog）数据库........................................................................65 5.7 日志（Journal）...........................................................................................................66 5.8 运行状况监视器（Health Monitor ）.............................................................................67 5.8.1 运行状况中心（Health Center ）...........................................................................68 PART II – DB2 Express-C 数据库管......................................................................................71 第 6 章 – DB2 体系结构...........................................................................................................73 6.1 DB2 进程模型...............................................................................................................73 6.2 DB2 内存模型...............................................................................................................74 6.3 DB2 存储模型...............................................................................................................75 6.3.1 数据页和扩展数据块..............................................................................................75 6.3.2 缓冲池...................................................................................................................76 6.3.3 表空间...................................................................................................................77 第 7 章 – DB2 客户端的连接....................................................................................................81 7.1 DB2 目录......................................................................................................................81 7.2 配置助手（Configuration Assistant ）..........................................................................82 7.2.1 服务器端的安装要求..............................................................................................82 7.2.2 Setup required at the client 客户端的安装要求......................................................84 7.2.3 建立客户端与服务器端概要文件............................................................................87 实验 #6 使用配置助手........................................................................................................90 第 8 章 – 数据库对象...............................................................................................................93 8.1 模式..............................................................................................................................93 8.2 表................................................................................................................................93 8.2.1 数据类型................................................................................................................93 8.2.2 标识列...................................................................................................................96 8.2.3 序列对象................................................................................................................96 8.2.4 系统目录表............................................................................................................97 8.2.5 已声明临时表.........................................................................................................97 实验 #7 创建一个数据表.....................................................................................................998.3 视图............................................................................................................................101 8.4 索引............................................................................................................................101 8.4.1 Design Advisor....................................................................................................101 8.5 参照完整性.................................................................................................................102 第 9 章 – 数据迁移工具..........................................................................................................105 9.1 导出（EXPORT）工具...............................................................................................106 9.2 导入（IMPORT）工具................................................................................................106 9.3 使用LOAD 来导入......................................................................................................107 9.4 db2move 工具...........................................................................................................108 9.5 db2look 工具..............................................................................................................109 实验 #8 导出EXPRESS 数据库的DDL............................................................................111 第 10 章 – 数据库安全...........................................................................................................115 10.1 认证..........................................................................................................................116 10.2 授权..........................................................................................................................116 10.3 DBADM 权限............................................................................................................118 10.4 PUBLIC 组...............................................................................................................119 10.5 GRANT 和REVOKE 语句........................................................................................119 10.6 查看授权和特权........................................................................................................119 10.7 关于组特权...............................................................................................................121 实验 #9 授予和撤销用户的权限........................................................................................122 第 11 章 – 备份和恢复...........................................................................................................125 11.1 数据库的日志记录....................................................................................................125 11.2 日志的类型...............................................................................................................126 11.3 日志记录的类型.......................................................................................................126 11.3.1 循环日志记录....................................................................................................126 11.3.2 档案日志记录和日志保留...................................................................................127 11.4 从控制中心进行数据库日志记录...............................................................................127 11.5 日志记录的参数........................................................................................................129 11.6 数据库备份...............................................................................................................129 实验 #10 – 安排一个备份计划..........................................................................................131 11.7 数据库恢复...............................................................................................................133 11.7.1 恢复类型............................................................................................................133 11.7.2 数据库恢复........................................................................................................133 11.8 其他关于备份和恢复的操作......................................................................................134 第 12 章 – 维护任务...............................................................................................................135 12.1 重组（REORG）、运行统计（RUNSTATS）、重绑定（REBIND）.......................135 12.1.1 重组（REORG）命令........................................................................................135 12.1.2 运行统计（RUNSTATS）命令..........................................................................136 12.1.3 绑定／重新绑定.................................................................................................136 12.1.4 在控制中心执行维护工作...................................................................................137 12.2 维护方式...................................................................................................................139 实验#11 – 配置自动维护.................................................................................................141 第 13 章 – 并行与锁定...........................................................................................................143 13.1 事务（Transactions） ..............................................................................................143 13.2 并行（Concurrency） ..............................................................................................143 13.3 无并行控制导致的问题.............................................................................................14413.3.1 丢失更新（Lost update） ..................................................................................145 13.3.2 未落实的读（Uncommitted read） ....................................................................145 13.3.3 不可重复读（Non-repeatable read）.................................................................146 13.3.4 幻象（Phantom read）......................................................................................146 13.4 隔离级别（Isolation Levels） ...................................................................................147 13.4.1 未落实的读........................................................................................................147 13.4.2 游标稳定性........................................................................................................147 13.4.3 读稳定性............................................................................................................148 13.4.4 可重复读............................................................................................................148 13.4.5 隔离级别对比.....................................................................................................148 13.4.6 设定隔离级别.....................................................................................................149 13.5 锁定升级...................................................................................................................150 13.6 锁定监视...................................................................................................................151 13.7 锁定等待...................................................................................................................151 13.8 死锁的引发与侦测.....................................................................................................152 13.9 并行与锁定的最佳实践：..........................................................................................153 PART III – DB2 Express-C 应用程序开发............................................................................155 第 14 章 –SQL PL 存储过程..................................................................................................157 14.1 IBM 数据工作室（Data Studio） ..............................................................................158 14.1.2 在Data Studio 中创建一个存储过程..................................................................159 14.2 SQL PL 存储过程基础..............................................................................................161 14.2.1 存储过程的结构.................................................................................................161 14.2.2 可选的存储过程属性..........................................................................................162 14.2.3 参数...................................................................................................................162 14.2.4 SQL PL 存储过程中的注释................................................................................163 14.2.5 复合语句............................................................................................................163 14.2.6 变量声明............................................................................................................163 14.2.7 赋值语句............................................................................................................164 14.3 游标..........................................................................................................................164 14.4 流控制......................................................................................................................164 14.5 调用存储过程...........................................................................................................165 14.6 错误和情况处理器....................................................................................................166 14.7 动态SQL..................................................................................................................168 第 15 章 – 直接插入 SQL 过程语言、触发器、用户定义函数（UDF）..................................169 15.1 直接插入SQL PL .....................................................................................................169 15.2 触发器（Trigger）....................................................................................................170 15.2.1 触发器的类型....................................................................................................170 实验 #12 从控制中心创建一个触发器...............................................................................174 15.3 用户定义函数 (UDF).................................................................................................177 15.3.1 标量函数（Scalar function） .............................................................................177 15.3.2 表函数（Table function）..................................................................................178 实验 #13 使用IBM Data Studio 创建用户定义函数（UDF） ............................................179 第 16 章 – DB2 pureXML......................................................................................................181 16.1 在数据库中使用XML................................................................................................181 16.2 XML 数据库..............................................................................................................182 16.2.1 启用XML 的数据库............................................................................................182 16.2.2 原生XML 数据库...............................................................................................18216.3 DB2 中的XML..........................................................................................................183 16.3.1 pureXML 技术优势............................................................................................184 16.3.2 XPath 基础........................................................................................................185 16.3.3 XQuery 的定义..................................................................................................188 16.3.4 插入XML 文档...................................................................................................189 16.3.5 查询XML 数据...................................................................................................191 16.3.6 使用SQL/XML 执行联合操作............................................................................196 16.3.7 使用XQuery 执行联合操作................................................................................196 16.3.8 更新与删除操作.................................................................................................197 16.3.9 XML 索引.........................................................................................................198 实验 #14 - SQL/XML 和 XQuery.......................................................................................200 第 17 章 – 使用Java、PHP 和Ruby 进行数据库应用开发...................................................201 17.1 Java 应用程序开发...................................................................................................201 17.1.1 JDBC 类型2 驱动程序.......................................................................................201 17.1.2 JDBC 类型4 驱动程序.......................................................................................202 17.2 PHP 应用程序开发...................................................................................................203 17.2.1 DB2 为PHP 提供的连接选项.............................................................................203 17.2.2 Zend Core for IBM.............................................................................................204 17.3 Ruby on Rails 应用程序开发.....................................................................................206 17.3.1 Startup Toolkit for DB2 on Rails ........................................................................206 附录 A — 排除故障...............................................................................................................207 A.1 查找错误代码的更多信息...........................................................................................207 A.2 SQLCODE 与SQLSTATE .........................................................................................208 A.3 DB2 管理通知日志.....................................................................................................208 A.4 db2diag.log................................................................................................................209 A.5 CLI 追踪.....................................................................................................................209 A.6 DB2 缺陷与补丁.........................................................................................................209 参考资源...............................................................................................................................210 网站.................................................................................................................................210 书籍.................................................................................................................................211 ...展开收缩
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