区块链技术架构即发展Go是从2007年末由Rob Pike, Ken Thompson主持开发，后来

文件名称: 区块链技术架构即发展

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上传时间: 2019-03-02

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详细说明：Go是从2007年末由Rob Pike, Ken Thompson主持开发，后来还加入了Ian Lance Taylor, Russ Cox等人，并最终于2009年11月开源，在2012年早些时候发布了Go 1稳定版本。现在Go的开发已经是完全开放的，并且拥有一个活跃的社区971 1 2013 12 Buterin BigchainDBL6, BigchainDB (Eth Ether) art contract), BigchainDB Rethink 01512,L Hyperledger Hyperledger ChainSQL, ChainSQL Fabric、 Sawtooth、 Iroha Burrow SQLite3、 MySQL、 PostgresQL 20]74 TrustsQI Hyperedge fabric TrustSQL 4000TPS 20164,R3 Select、 Insert R3 SQL r3 orda R3 L5,2016 2, BigchainDB LevelDB Ethereum PoW/Pos olidity/Serpent LevelDB Hyperledger Fab PBFT/SBFT LevelDB/ CouchDB Hyperledger Sawtooth POET Pvtl Corda Raft lava/ Kotlin Ripple RocksDB/ sQlite BigchainDB Quorum Voting Crypto-Conditions RethinkDB / MongoDB Trust SQL BFT-Rait/ PBFT JavaScrip: My SQL/ MariaDB Quorum2、 Monax③、 DFINITY Hydra chain③BCOS Ethereum Hvperledger fabric IBM NOSQL Intel, j. P 、R3、DTCC、 SWIFT130 NOSQL CHyperledger.https://www.hyperledger.org/projects 2Quorum.https://www.jpmcrgan.com/yuorum Monax.https://monax CDfiniTy.https://dfinity.network/tech.html Hydrachain.https://github.com/hydrachein/Hydrachain 6BcoS.https://github.com/bccsorg 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 972 018 Schorsch L11」J P2P Hyperledger fabric P2P P2P 4 PoW TCP Hyperledger Fabric P2P PBFT Http/2 6 22 Pa Raft Hyperledger fabric (Crash fault-Tolerant, CFT) ( Byzantine fault-Tolerant BFT) 比特币以太坊 Hyperedge Fabri 应用层上特币交易1甲以太交易企餐用块 71 智能编程语言 Solidity/Serpent ischer. Lynch Paterson 合约层沙盒环境上VM Docke 数据结汝是中块树 astro Liske Practical Byzantine Fault 数据层数据模型基千交号的模型于账户的模型基于账户的模型 Tolerance(PBFT) 区块存储文件存储 LevelLS 文件存储共识层 Pow PoW/ PBFT SIFT PBFT Kotla 网络层 T(P based P2PI'TCP basel P2P ITTP.2 hased Zaya K won enderlin 2001, Gribbl P2P P2P 13-14」 u ( XFt BFT 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 973 2f+1 Merkle Scalable bftl2si parallel bftl26j Optimistic BFTL27 BFT Ripple Ripple p Consensus Algorithm(RPCA) n25f+ 、 Nonce 28 (sybil attack )L2sJ (Proof of work, Pow) Dwork Back Hyperledger Fabri Hashcasl ① (Peercoin) Key-value H yperleager rIc Levell (Proof of Stake, PoS) [a2J (Bitshares) 2, Delegated Proof of stake. dPos yperledger Sawtooth l994 Intel sG x② Proof of Elapsed Time, PUET) Po W Hyperledger Fabric PBFT ledger Fabric Stornetta Solidity、 Serpent③ Ethereum virtual Machine(evm)i2l Hyperledger Fabric Chaincode Docker Docker Haber tornetta CHashcash.http://www.cypherspace.org/hashcash/hash sh. Idf Merkle 2IntelSgx.https://software.intelcom/en-us/sgx 3Pcet.https://sawtooth.hyperledger.org/docscore/relea- ses/latest/introduction. html proof-ofelapsechtime-poet CLeveldb.https://github.com/google/leveldb Merkle Solidityhttp://solidity.readthedocs.io (6Serpenthttps://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/serpent 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 974 018 Go J SDK Go Java Merkle Chaincodel 25 (1)Merkle. Ralph Merkle Merkle ( Decentralized Application Dapp), Dapp Javascript SHA256 JSON-RPC Hyperledger Fabric Merkle Merkle o、Java、 Python、Node.js SDK 44 gRPC REST Hyperledger Merkle Fabrie (Simplified Payment verification, SPV) Hash3、Hash12 Tx4 3.I 2l0g2(N) Hyperledger fabric Merkle Merkle (State Root) ( PrevBlockhash)、 Merkle Receipts root (Nonce) merkle (Merkle root Mer Merkle patricia Merkle p leri 16 区块头区块头区块头 PrevBlockHash Nonce PrevBloekHash[ Nonce PrevlloxkHashINonce Merkle root Merkle root Merkle Root 区块体 HashI Hash2 Hash Hash4 Tx3 Txt 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 97 Merkle patricia Merkle Merkle bucket. merkle Merkle Bucket Key-value Merkle patricia Merkle Merkle bucket Merkle patricia Hy perledger Fabric 块头区块头 PrevBlock hash Nonce PrevBlockHash Nonce State root Tx Root Receipts Root State root Tx Root Receipts Root 扩展节点 Key-prefixHash Key-prefixHash ab 分支节点 Key-prefix o 4|56|78|9 abe d Key-pre fix o Hash Hash 叶子节点 K value valt value K 123 156 100 110 ab3123: 10 ETH ab6456: 20 ETH ab9789:100ETH 9789:10ET 3 Merkle p (2) reV Blockhash)、 (Nonce) Merkle 交易 SHA256 ReHash 2. Prey Block hash 输入输出 Prey TxHash Prevblock hash上笔交易 alue 下笔交易 Index 输出 Script PubKeyl 输入 nipts 下笔交易 Merkle 输入 PrevTxHash 上笔交易输出 Index PreyBlock hash Scripts 上笔交易输出 Prey hash Prevtxhash、 Index Scripting 3.2 PrevTxhash yperleager Fabric cript sig 4 alue PubKev 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 976 018 Coinbase( 、 Hyperledger Fabric (Unspent transaction Outputs, UTXO) (Externally Owned Account (Contract Account) Balance、 Nonce、 CodeHash Storageroot Balance Nonce 0ⅹ FFFFFFFF Codehash Storageroot Merkle patricia lo、 Value、 Nonce、gasP'ice、 108 Bitcoin) gas limit、Data Value Nonce as Pri lImit (2) ras Data 状态状态 Address 0x57890 交易 Address: 0x67890 Balance: 1000 TO OXABCDEI Balance: go0 Nonce g Val 100 Nonce: 9 CoxleHlash: Nonce: g CodeHlash Storag cRoot gasPrice: 200000000 StorageRoot: gasl imit: 100000 Address: OXARCDEF Address: OxABCDEH Balance: 2000 Signature Balance: 2100 Nonce: 3 Nonce Codehash (deflash: torageRoxt Roots 3.3 Fabric LevelL wor ate) Hyperledger Fabric 1.0 LevelL LeyelDB 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 977 SHA255 WAL(Write-Ahead Logging)t4sJ Nonce, SHA256 I(nh)≤t Levell H SHA256 once: LevelL 、 Merkle LevelL O Non-K Hyperledger Fabric 1.0 (1) LevellY CouchDB (2) Merkle Paxos Raft SHA256 (4) once os Raft PoW PBFT POW PBet 5 PoW PBFT P 7 TPSO 200--2000TS 0~30TPS( (Fabric 0.6) 60 mIn( 3 min( (Fabric 0. 6) 100000 <100 % 33% (lO min) PoW 4. PoW 51% PoW PoW 10 min 1 MB PoW 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net 978 018 7 TPS 18-; 12~15s 20~30T1S PBFT PBFT PBFT (3) GHOST Greedy Heaviest-Observed Sub-Tree)L4s (4) GHOST ommit 87.5% 12.5% 3% PBFT 60 min 12 3 min: PBFT PoW Hyperledger fabric 1.0 BFT-SMART-1 Simplified Byzantine Fault Tolerance (SBFT) Honey BadgerBFT 523 BFT-SMART H(n‖h)≤s(M).t BFT SBFT Ra Honey badgerbF'I C asper BFT Casper Casper 5 Casper 4 2 PBFT CIntroducingCasper:Thefriendlyghosthttps://blog ethereum. org/2015/08/01/ introducing-casper-friendly-ghost/ 2Chain:SimplifiedByzantineFaultTolerance(sbfT).http:// sammantics. com/blog/2016/7/ 27/chain-l 21994-2018ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net

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